THE CZECH REPUBLIC

THE CZECH REPUBLIC

Geography
area: 78,864 sq. km
population: 10,290,000
density: 131 people to one sq. km
capital city: Prague
other towns: Brno, Ostrava, Plzeò, Olomouc, Èeské Budìjovice …
neighbours: Germany, Poland, Slovakia, Austria
mountains: Šumava Range, the Czech Forest, the Ore Mountains,
the Jizerské Mountains, the Giant Mountains, the Eagle
Mountains, Bohemian-Moravian Highland, Jeseník Mountain Range,
Beskydy
rivers: the Vltava, the Elbe, the Oder, the Morava
climate is moderate, continental
lakes: Èerné, Èertovo
artificial lakes: Rožmberk, Svìt, Nesyt
mineral springs and spas (Karlovy Vary, Mariánské Láznì,
Františkovy Láznì, Jánské Láznì, Podìbrady, Luhaèovice, Teplice
nad Beèvou)


History
Celtic and Slavonic tribes
Sámo's Empire - founded in 623 - tribe union; 631 - the battle
of Wogatisburg; the fall in 658
Great Moravian Empire - 863 - the missionaries Konstantin and
Methodius came from Salonika
Pøemyslid family - died by the sword
1212 - Gold Bull of Sicily => hereditary king's title
Holy Roman Empire, Charles IV. (university, archbishop, stone
bridge), Wenceslas IV.
Hussite movement
Jagiellonian and Hapsburg dynasty
1620 - the Battle on the White Mountain => germanization and
re-catholicization
19th century - national revival
WWI, the Czechoslovak Republic, German occupation, WWII,
communism, Prague Spring, Velvet revolution, splitting of the
federation


Economy
engineering industry (Prague, Plzeò, Brno), car industry (Mladá
Boleslav, Kopøivnice), chemical industry (Litvínov, Neratovice,
Pardubice, Ustí nad Labem), textile industry (Liberec,
Prostìjov), glass industry + cut glass and china - Karlovy Vary,
Plzeò
agriculture: wheat, sugar beet, maize, grapes, hops, fruits,
cattle breeding, fish breeding


Political system
three parts: Bohemia, Moravia, Silesia
democratic state, 14 regions
Parliament: Chamber of Deputies and Senate
elections: public, secret, democratic, equal, direct, universal
President: commander-in-chief of army, right of suspensive veto,
declare amnesty, general election ...
the Prime minister, the premier, the vice-premier, the ministers
(Interior, Foreign Affairs, Defence, Justice, Industry and
Commerce, Agriculture, Finance, Transport, Labor and Social
Affairs, Education, Culture, Health)
Constitutional Court, region and district courts
the Social Democratic Party, the Green Party, the Civic
Democratic Party, the Civic Democratic Union, the Czech-Moravian
Communist Party
na zaèátek


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The Czech Republic
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